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Python · Fundamentals

Python

Step-by-step Python tutorials — ordered lessons from basics to advanced.

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Lesson outline

  1. 73
    Automate File Renaming

    Automate file renaming with os and shutil — Python tutorial, lesson 74. Hands-on steps, troubleshooting, and next steps.

  2. 74
    Work with Environment Variables

    Learn how to read, set, and manage environment variables using Python's os.environ module in this practical tutorial.

  3. 75
    Python Generators

    Explore Python generators: lazy iterators, generator expressions, and when to use them. Practical tutorial with examples for memory-efficient iteration.

  4. 76
    Use itertools for efficient looping

    Master itertools for efficient looping in Python. This hands-on tutorial covers core concepts, step-by-step examples, and practical exercises to optimize your loops and prepare for advanced topics.

  5. 77
    Decorators for Cross-Cutting Concerns

    Learn to implement decorators for cross-cutting concerns in Python. This lesson covers using decorators to handle logging, timing, and other aspect-oriented tasks cleanly and reuse code effectively.

  6. 78
    Partial Functions & Caching

    Apply functools.partial to fix function arguments and use caching to speed up repeated calls — a practical Python skill.

  7. 79
    Custom Iterators: __iter__ & __next__

    Learn to create custom iterators with __iter__ and __next__ in Python. Step-by-step guide with hands-on examples, troubleshooting, and next steps.

  8. 80
    Context Managers & 'with'

    Learn to use context managers and the 'with' statement in Python for resource management, with hands-on exercises and troubleshooting.

  9. 81
    Profile with cProfile & timeit

    Profile code with cProfile and timeit in Python.

  10. 82
    Write Unit Tests with unittest

    Learn to write unit tests using Python's unittest module. This hands-on lesson covers core concepts, step-by-step walkthroughs, and troubleshooting for reliable code testing.

  11. 83
    Mock External Dependencies in Tests

    Mock external dependencies in tests: learn to isolate your Python code by replacing external services and APIs with controlled mock objects. This hands-on tutorial covers the core concept, step-by-step implementation, comparison with alternatives, troubleshooting edge cases, and next steps.

  12. 84
    Debug with pdb and post-mortem

    Master debugging with pdb and post-mortem inspection in Python. This lesson covers core concepts, step-by-step walkthroughs, troubleshooting, and practical exercises for effective debugging.

    Python — step-by-step tutorials

    What you will find here

    This track walks through python in order — each lesson is server-rendered HTML you can read without JavaScript. Follow the outline, then practice in the browser IDE when a lesson links to runnable code.

    Tutorials vs quizzes and code samples

    Tutorials teach in sequence. For quick checks use quizzes. For copy-paste snippets see code samples. For deeper reading browse articles.