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Copy-ready Python snippets by topic and difficulty — short, focused, and runnable in the browser editor.
Automatically Detect Weak Passwords from Large Password Lists in Python
This Python script identifies weak passwords from a list by checking length, common patterns, sequential characters, and uniform characters, returning those that fail the security checks.
import re
COMMON_PASSWORDS_FILE = "common_passwords.txt"
def is_weak(password):
# Check length
if len(password) < 8:
return True
# Check for common patterns
if password.lower() in {"password", "123456", "qwerty", "letmein", "admin", "welcome"}:
return True
# Check for sequential c…Find Most Active Contributors in a Repository with Python
Filter recent commits by date and count the most active contributors using Counter and datetime.
from collections import Counter
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
# Simulated commit data
commits = [
{"author": "Alice", "timestamp": datetime.now() - timedelta(days=1)},
{"author": "Bob", "timestamp": datetime.now() - timedelta(days=2)},
{"author": "Alice", "timestamp": datetime.now() - timedelta…Calculate Time Difference Across Time Zones in Python
Compute the current time difference in hours between two time zones given their UTC offsets using Python's datetime and timezone modules.
from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta
def time_difference(from_tz_offset, to_tz_offset):
"""
Calculate time difference in hours between two time zones given their offsets from UTC.
Offsets are in hours (e.g., -5 for EST, +5.5 for IST).
"""
tz1 = timezone(timedelta(hours=from_tz_offset…Audit File Permissions Across a Project in Python
Walks through every file and directory in a project tree and prints POSIX permissions plus owner UID.
import os
import stat
from pathlib import Path
def audit_file_permissions(project_root):
"""Walk through project_root and print path, owner, and permissions for every file."""
results = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(project_root):
for name in files + dirs:
full_path = os.path.joi…Build a Python Script That Detects and Deletes Empty Files Across Folders
A Python script that recursively finds and removes all zero-byte files across nested directories, returning a list of deleted paths.
import os
from pathlib import Path
def find_and_delete_empty_files(root_dir: str) -> list:
"""Find and delete all empty files under root_dir. Returns list of deleted paths."""
deleted = []
for file_path in Path(root_dir).rglob('*'):
if file_path.is_file() and file_path.stat().st_size == 0:
…Compare Two Folder Structures and Find Differences in Python
Walks two directories using os.walk, builds sets of relative paths, and prints items that exist in only one folder.
import os
def compare_folders(path1, path2):
"""
Compare the file/folder structure of two directories and print differences.
"""
def get_structure(root):
structure = set()
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root):
rel_path = os.path.relpath(dirpath, root)
…Create a Personal Knowledge Base That Searches Notes Instantly in Python
Build a lightweight personal knowledge base with JSON storage and instant case-insensitive full-text search across note titles and content.
import json
import re
import sys
class PersonalKnowledgeBase:
def __init__(self, file_path="kb_notes.json"):
self.file_path = file_path
self.notes = self._load_notes()
def _load_notes(self):
try:
with open(self.file_path, "r") as f:
return json.load(f)
…Detect Outliers in CSV Data Using Z-Score in Python
Read a CSV file and detect outliers in a numeric column by computing z-scores, flagging those exceeding a given threshold — no machine learning required.
import csv
import statistics
from math import sqrt
def detect_outliers(csv_path, column_name, threshold=2.0):
"""Detect outliers in a numeric column using z-score method."""
values = []
with open(csv_path, 'r', newline='') as f:
reader = csv.DictReader(f)
if column_name not in reader.field…Find Duplicate Web Pages by Content Similarity in Python
Compute SHA-256 hashes of file contents to detect and report duplicate HTML pages or any files in a directory.
import hashlib
import os
from collections import defaultdict
def get_file_hash(filepath):
"""Compute SHA-256 hash of file contents."""
sha256 = hashlib.sha256()
with open(filepath, 'rb') as f:
for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(4096), b''):
sha256.update(chunk)
return sha256.hexdiges…How to Automatically Merge Hundreds of Excel Files Without Losing Formatting in Python
Merge all .xlsx files in a folder into a single Excel workbook, preserving individual sheet structures with sheet name prefixes.
import pandas as pd
from pathlib import Path
def merge_excel_files(folder_path: str, output_path: str) -> None:
"""
Merge all .xlsx files in a folder into a single Excel file,
preserving individual sheet structures.
"""
folder = Path(folder_path)
excel_files = list(folder.glob("*.xlsx"))
…How to Generate Beautiful QR Codes with Embedded Logos in Python
Generate a high-error-correction QR code and paste a logo image in the center to create a branded, scannable QR code.
import qrcode
from PIL import Image
def generate_qr_with_logo(data, logo_path, output_path):
qr = qrcode.QRCode(
version=1,
error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H,
box_size=10,
border=4,
)
qr.add_data(data)
qr.make(fit=True)
qr_img = qr.make_image(fill_c…How to Generate an Inventory Report of All Files in Python
Walk a directory tree, collect metadata for every file, and write a CSV inventory report using Python's os, pathlib, and csv modules.
import os
import csv
from pathlib import Path
from datetime import datetime
def generate_inventory_report(root_dir: str = "/", output_file: str = "inventory_report.csv"):
headers = ["File Path", "Size (bytes)", "Last Modified", "File Type"]
rows = []
start_time = datetime.now()
for dirpath, dirna…Track GitHub Repository Growth in Python
A Python dashboard that fetches and displays GitHub repository statistics including stars, forks, creation date, and recent star activity using the GitHub API.
import requests
import json
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
def track_repo_growth(owner, repo):
url = f"https://api.github.com/repos/{owner}/{repo}"
headers = {"Accept": "application/vnd.github.v3+json"}
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
data = response.json()
name = data…Automatically Clean Temporary Files from Applications Using Python
A Python script that safely deletes temporary files from common application temp directories across Windows, Linux, and macOS, tracking cleaned count and disk space.
import os
import shutil
import tempfile
import platform
def clean_application_temp_files():
"""Delete common temporary file locations safely."""
system = platform.system()
temp_dirs = []
if system == "Windows":
temp_dirs.extend([
os.path.join(os.getenv("LOCALAPPDATA"), "Temp"),
…Automatically Generate Hardware Inventory Reports in Python
Generate a system hardware report including OS version, CPU cores, RAM, and disk usage using platform and psutil.
import platform
import psutil # requires: pip install psutil
from datetime import datetime
def generate_hardware_report():
report_lines = []
report_lines.append(f"Report Generated: {datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}")
report_lines.append(f"System: {platform.system()} {platform.release()} ({pl…Build a Network Ping Monitor in Python
A Python script that continuously pings a remote host using subprocess and reports connectivity status with timestamps and latency.
import subprocess
import time
def ping_host(host, count=4):
"""Ping a host and return the results."""
try:
# Platform-independent ping command
cmd = ["ping", "-c", str(count), host]
result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=10)
return result.stdout, r…Create a Local Search Engine to Instantly Find Files on Your Computer in Python
Build a local file search engine in Python that indexes files by name, extension, and glob pattern for instant retrieval.
import os
import sys
import time
from pathlib import Path
import fnmatch
class LocalSearchEngine:
def __init__(self, root_directory="."):
self.root_directory = Path(root_directory)
self.file_index = {}
def build_index(self):
"""Build a complete index of files in the root direc…Detect Circular Imports Across Python Projects Automatically
This script walks through all .py files in a directory, builds an import graph, and uses depth-first search to find cycles—printing each circular dependency chain.
import ast
import sys
from pathlib import Path
from collections import defaultdict, deque
def find_imports(filepath):
"""Return set of module names imported by a Python file."""
imports = set()
try:
with open(filepath) as f:
tree = ast.parse(f.read())
except (SyntaxError, UnicodeDe…Find Best Meeting Time Across Time Zones in Python
This code calculates overlapping available hours among participants in different time zones and returns the best meeting time in UTC and each participant's local time.
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import List, Tuple, Optional
@dataclass
class Participant:
name: str
timezone: str
# weekdays availability: 0=Mon, start_hour (0-23), end_hour (0-23)
available_slots: List[Tup…Find Broken Image References Across a Website in Python
Crawl internal pages of a website, collect all image source URLs, then check each with HEAD requests to report any that return HTTP 4xx or connection errors.
import requests
from urllib.parse import urljoin, urlparse
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
def find_all_links(base_url, max_pages=50):
visited, to_visit = set(), {base_url}
while to_visit and len(visited) < max_pages:
url = to_visit.pop()
…Find Orphan Files Not Referenced Anywhere in Python
Scan a project directory for files whose names never appear in the content of other files, identifying potentially unused resources.
import os
from pathlib import Path
import re
def find_orphan_files(root_dir: str, extensions: set = None, ignore_patterns: list = None):
"""Find files not referenced by any other file in the project."""
if extensions is None:
extensions = {'.txt', '.md', '.py', '.html', '.css', '.js', '.json', '.yaml'…Generate Random Fake User Data for Testing in Python
This code generates a list of fake user dictionaries with random names, emails, ages, and timestamps using the Python standard library for testing purposes.
import json
import random
import string
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
def generate_user_data(num_users=1):
first_names = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "Diana", "Eve"]
last_names = ["Smith", "Johnson", "Brown", "Taylor", "Wilson"]
domains = ["example.com", "test.org", "demo.net"]
users = …How to Build a Python Tool That Finds Trending Open Source Projects Daily
A Python script that queries the GitHub Search API to fetch the top 5 trending repositories created in the last day, sorted by stars, with optional language filtering.
import requests
import json
import datetime
def fetch_trending_projects(language: str = "", since: str = "daily"):
url = "https://api.github.com/search/repositories"
date_limit = (datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)).isoformat()
query = f"created:>{date_limit} language:{language}" if langua…How to Compare Two GitHub Repositories and Highlight Differences in Python
Fetch metadata from two GitHub repositories using the GitHub API and compare key attributes like stars, forks, license, and language, printing any differences.
import requests
import json
from pathlib import Path
def fetch_repo_data(owner, repo_name):
"""Fetch repository metadata from GitHub API."""
url = f"https://api.github.com/repos/{owner}/{repo_name}"
response = requests.get(url)
response.raise_for_status()
return response.json()
def compare_repos(…Browse by section
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Guide: free Python code samples library
Copy-ready Python snippets for learners and developers
PythonSkillset code samples are short, focused examples organised by topic and difficulty. Every snippet is server-rendered HTML — readable by search engines and easy to copy. Open any sample, read the notes, copy the code, then press Try in editor to run it in the browser with Pyodide.
How to use this library
- Pick a topic section — strings, lists, files, functions, and more
- Open a sample, read How it works, and copy the code block
- Run it in the IDE, tweak values, then take a related quiz or tutorial lesson
Samples vs tutorials and challenges
Samples are quick reference — one concept per page. For step-by-step teaching, use our Python tutorials. To test yourself, try quizzes or coding challenges. Clean up style with the Python formatter.